Precise Well Location Determination Technology: Hydrogeological Survey and Drilling Point Optimization

Precise Well Location Determination Technology: Hydrogeological Survey and Drilling Point Optimization

Determining the optimal location for a water well is a task combining scientific analysis and field verification. Its goal is to find groundwater sources with abundant supply and excellent water quality with minimal cost and risk. This process primarily relies on systematic hydrogeological surveys and drilling point optimization based on the survey results.

Hydrogeological surveys form the basis for site selection decisions. This work is akin to giving the earth a "physical examination," aiming to understand the storage and flow patterns of groundwater. The survey begins with collecting existing data, including topographic maps, geological maps, and records of nearby existing wells. This is followed by on-site reconnaissance, observing topography (e.g., foothills and valleys are often groundwater collection areas), surface water bodies, and vegetation distribution—these provide indirect clues about the presence of groundwater. Crucially, specialized detection methods are used, such as measuring differences in the electrical properties of underground rock strata to infer the location and depth of aquifers, thus making a preliminary assessment of groundwater distribution. This preliminary work is vital, effectively narrowing down candidate areas and avoiding blind drilling.

Drilling site optimization is a scientific guarantee for reducing risks. Within the favorable area delineated through investigation, determining a specific well site requires meticulous analysis. This typically involves considering multiple factors: prioritizing locations with relatively low elevations conducive to water collection; analyzing the development direction of rock strata and fractures to place the well along the likely path of groundwater accumulation; and avoiding potential pollution sources (such as farms and chemical plants). For large or important wells, a small test borehole is sometimes drilled first to directly obtain stratigraphic and aquifer information at key locations, verifying the judgment at minimal cost, thereby ultimately optimizing and determining the precise location and design depth of the main well.

In short, precise well location is not about "feng shui," but a rigorous process of "investigation first, verification second, and decision third." Only by grasping the overall patterns through scientific hydrogeological surveys and then using site optimization techniques to lock in the optimal target can the success rate and efficiency of drilling be significantly improved, avoiding the enormous waste of "dry wells" or "abandoned wells."