Drilling Machine Technology Overview

Drilling Machine Technology Overview

Core functions

Drill holes underground and establish channels for resource exploitation (water, oil, gas), geological exploration and engineering construction.

Key systems

Power system: Diesel engine or electric drive device that powers the equipment. Modern electric drives enable precise control.

Lifting system: derrick, winch and pulley set, responsible for the decentralization and lifting of drill rods.

Rotating system:

Turntable drive: traditional rotation method.

Top drive device: Directly drive the drill string, which is more efficient and can achieve continuous drilling.

Circulation system: High pressure pump conveys drilling fluid (slurry) for cooling drill bits, carrying rock chips and stabilizing well walls.

Well control system: Blowout preventer sets are key safety equipment to prevent blowouts.

Main types

Rotary drilling rig: suitable for shallow soft soil, mainly used in pile foundation engineering.

Slewing drilling rig: mainstream technology, relying on rotating drill bits to break rocks.

Offshore drilling rigs: including drilling platforms and drilling boats, adapted to deep-sea operations.

Technology Trends

Automation: The automatic pipe discharge device reduces manual operation and improves safety.

Drilling measurement: transmit downhole data in real time to achieve accurate guidance.

Ultra-deep well technology: Challenges deeper strata and requires extremely high materials and equipment.

Summarize

Drilling rigs are complex and highly integrated systems, and their development tends to be intelligent, automated and efficient, and are the core equipment for resource exploration and development.